Japan’s Chemical Substance Control Law (CSLC) is a regulatory framework established in 1974, and the latest amendment regulates the manufacturing, importation, and use of new and existing chemical substances to prevent environmental pollution and protect human health. This is a collaborative effort, as food or feed additives, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agricultural chemicals, and fertilizers are subject to different laws and acts. The law mandates the classification and evaluation of chemicals, requiring all manufacturers and importers to notify the government and provide detailed safety information. Regulation focuses on risk assessment, persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity and categorizes substances to impose appropriate controls. Manufacturers and importers must submit new chemical notifications to three authorities: the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Labor and Welfare (MHLW), and Ministry of the Environment (MOE) to obtain approval before manufacturing or importing the new substances. Foreign manufacturers exporting chemicals must also notify Japan of new chemicals entering the country.