Synthetic Methodology

Second-generation surfactant that improves the solubility of organic compounds in water. The second generation surfactant, TPGS-750M, allows some organic reactions to be carried out in an aqueous system by improving the solubility of organic compounds in water. This surfactant is composed of safe, inexpensive ingredients and only a small concentration is required for effectiveness. After the reaction, the surfactant can be recovered and reused with minor deactiviation. Organic solvents are traditionally used for organic reactions because they are not soluble in water.

Two synthetic routes for the production of thermal polyaspartic acid. TPA is a non-toxic, biodegradable, and cost effective polymer with applications in many industrial processes, such as agriculture, water treatment, and detergent, oil, and gas industries. TPA functions as a more sustainable alternative to convetional polyacrylic acids (PAC). The first route for the synthesis of TPA consists of a solventless solid-state-polymerization-reaction that transforms the aspartic acid monomor into polysuccinimide, eliminating the use of organic solvents.

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerizatoin (ATRP) for manufacturing polymers. ATRP is the most effecting method of controlled radical polymerization (CRP). The ATRP process allows for the easy formation of polymers by assembling monomors in a piece-by-piece fashion. This allows for the production of a wide range of polymers with specific functions and properties. The ATRP process uses enviromentally friends chemicals, such ascorbic acid, and requires less transition metal catalysts.

Packaging material made of renewable wood fibers. Paptic® is bio-based, recyclable, reusable, and biodegradable. It outperforms paper and has smaller environmental impact than cotton. The material is also distinctive in its texture and appearance. Paptic® is made using renewable, wood-based fibers from sustainably managed forests. Paptic® is produced using current paper machines that require slight modifications, making the process sustainable and scalable. Paptic is tear resistant, moisture resistant, flexible, soft, food contact approved, and porous.

Coverts abundant methane gas into biodegradable materials. Methane is the byproduct of several essential operations. Unfortunately, there are not many economically beneficial uses of methane. This company posits its factories next to existing methane production facilities. Using methanotrophs (a type of bacteria), the company naturally produces PHA; methanotrophs store carbon within their cell walls as PHA. More specifically, the methanotrophs produce pure P3HB, which is a member of the PHA family. The methanotrophs used in the process are also not genetically modified.

General purpose non-orthophthalate plasticizer. Phthalate esters are used in conventional plasticizers and are hazardous to the environment and human health due to their toxicity and volatility. Eastman Chemical Company developed a non-orthophtalate plasticizer with equal or superior performance to convention orthophthalate plasticizers. Features of this plasticizer include good performance properties, excellent low-temperature flexibility, resistance to extraction by soapy water, and excellent non-migration properties.

Synthetic methodology for the development of 4-ADPA. 4-Aminodiphenylamine (4-ADPA) is a key building block for rubber preservatives. Many aromatic amines are made with halogenated reagents, especially those containing chlorine. The Eastman Chemical Company's previous production of 4-ADPA is based on the chlorination of benzene. This process produced aqueous waste with high levels of inorganic salts that are difficult and expensive to treat. This process also required the storage and handling of large quantities of chlorine gas, which is hazardous to human health.

Catalysts that use carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide to produce polymers. Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are ideal feedstocks for chemistry because they are abundant, renewable, and easily extracted at low costs. This technology polymerizes carbon dioxide and epoxides into polycarbonates that can be used as feedstocks to produce pharmaceuticals and plastics. Novomer Inc. uses polycarbonate coating in their electronics through a process called Novo™.