This project aims to combine the Brazilian group’s expertise in nanomaterials’ surface engineering and polymer-based nanocomposite with the Spanish group’s expertise in transforming agricultural and industrial waste (which is abundant in both Spain and Brazil) into valued natural source polymers, to incorporate the intrinsic properties of sustainable materials into nanocomposites for advanced applications. To establish a sustainable future for all, the need for innovative technologies and low-impact products is addressed by transforming waste into high-value materials, based in nanocellulose, specifically nanofibers (CNF). This proposal’s objective is to manufacture conductive nanocomposites based on nanocellulose and polylactic acid (PLA), a biopolymer, and reinforced with well know conductive carbon-based nanomaterials (pristine and ionic liquid functionalized graphene derivatives) for fabricating structures with overall electrically conductive properties. Hence, the proposal is divided into four sub-packages: i. colloidal systems, i.e., i. surface engineering of the nanocarbons through functionalization and characterization (in Brazil), ii. nanocellulose extraction and characterization (in Spain), iii. nanocomposites manufacture (in Spain) and iv. nanocomposites characterization (in Brazil). Moreover, the resources from the two groups will allow the developed material’s full structural and physicochemical understanding, which will be assessed by diverse techniques (e.g., microscopy, spectroscopy, and rheology) available in both countries. One prominent application lies in the development of electromagnetic shielding solutions tailored for aeronautical components. In the aviation industry, the need for lightweight materials is critical, not only to enhance performance but also to minimize fuel consumption, which directly correlates with reduced carbon emissions underscoring the commitment to achieving energy efficiency and environmental stewardship in cutting-edge technologies.