Adhesion

The use of glass substrates to enhance cellular adhesion exemplifies the principles of green and sustainable chemistry in practice. Upcycling waste glass into a valuable resource mitigates environmental pollution, promotes innovation, and conserves resources. The Human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells have been used in organoid formation and specialized applications within organoid systems; however, they often suffer from loose adherence, which limits their applicability.

Fluoropolymers, notably poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PH), are rendered to be an excellent choice for superior performance coatings attributed to their exceptional mechanical robustness, thermal resistance, and resistance to chemical attack. However, their low surface energy results in poor adhesion to metal substrates, limiting their application in critical corrosion-resistant systems. To address this challenge, PH was hydroxyl-modified (PHOH) to introduce active functional groups that enhance bonding capabilities.