rheology

Use of lignocellulosic biomass in continuous processes in biorefineries poses challenges due to its recalcitrant properties, feedstock variability, and materials handling of solids at large scale. Limitations include lignin derived inhibitors, and resistance to mixing due to rheological properties of lignocellulosic particulates at high solids loadings.

The exploration of oil in ultra-deep waters (offshore) is crucial due to the high demand for this resource. However, challenges, like the complex task of drilling through salt layers and stringent environmental concerns persist. Drilling fluid plays a fundamental role in the well drilling process, aiding in drill cooling, gravel transportation, and other functions. Although water-based fluids are preferable environmentally, they tend to be less efficient and degrade under high pressures and temperatures.